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Assistant Secretaries Since 1973
Assistant Secretary Appointments by Presidential Administration
George W. Bush | William J. Clinton | George H.W. Bush | Ronald Reagan | Jimmy Carter | Gerald Ford
George W. Bush (2001-2009)
Career FS: 18 (32%) / Other: 38 (68%)
| Position | Appointee (Career FS or Other) |
|---|---|
| Administration | William A. Eaton (Career FS) |
| Administration | Rajkumar Chellerai (Other) |
| African Affairs | Walter Kansteiner (Other) |
| African Affairs | Jendayi E. Frazer (Other) |
| Arms Control, Verification & Compliance | Paula DeSutter (Other) |
| Consular Affairs | Maura Harty (Career FS) |
| Consular Affairs | Janice L. Jacobs (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | Francis X. Taylor (Other) |
| Counterterrorism | J. Cofer Black (Other) |
| Counterterrorism | Henry Crumpton (Other) |
| Counterterrorism | Dell L. Dailey (Other) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | Lorne W. Craner (Other) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | Barry F. Lowenkron (Other) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | David J. Kramer (Other) |
| Diplomatic Security | Francis X. Taylor (Other) |
| Diplomatic Security | Richard J. Griffin (Other) |
| Diplomatic Security | Eric Boswell (Career FS) |
| Director General | Ruth Davis (Career FS) |
| Director General | W. Robert Pearson (Career FS) |
| Director General | George M. Staples (Career FS) |
| Director General | Harry K. Thomas, Jr. (Career FS) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | James A. Kelly (Other) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Christopher R. Hill (Career FS) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Daniel S. Sullivan (Other) |
| Educational and Cultural Affairs | Patricia D. Harrison (Other) |
| Educational and Cultural Affairs | Dina H. Powell (Other) |
| Educational and Cultural Affairs | Goli Ameri (Other) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | A. Elizabeth Jones (Career FS) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Daniel Fried (Career FS) |
| Intelligence and Research | Carl W. Ford (Other) |
| Intelligence and Research | Randall M. Fort (Other) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | Robert B. Charles (Other) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | Anne W. Patterson (Career FS) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | David T. Johnson (Career FS) |
| International Organization Affairs | Kristin Silverberg (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Brian H. Hook (Other) |
| International Security and Nonproliferation | John Rood (Other) |
| Legal Adviser | William H. Taft IV (Other) |
| Legal Adviser | John B. Bellinger III (Other) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | William J. Burns (Career FS) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | C. David Welch (Career FS) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | John F. Turner (Other) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | Claudia A. McMurray (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Lincoln P. Bloomfield (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | John Hillen (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Mark Kimmitt (Other) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Arthur E. Dewey (Other) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Ellen R. Sauerbrey (Other) |
| Public Affairs | Sean McCormack (Career FS) |
| Resource Management | Christopher C. Burnham (Other) |
| Resource Management | Bradford R. Higgins (Other) |
| South and Central Asian Affairs | Christina B. Rocca (Other) |
| South and Central Asian Affairs | Richard A. Boucher (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Otto J. Reich (Other) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Roger F. Noriega (Other) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Thomas S. Shannon, Jr. (Career FS) |
William J. Clinton (1993-2001)
Career FS: 29 (53%) / Other: 26 (47%)
| Position | Appointee (Career FS or Other) |
|---|---|
| Administration | Patrick Kennedy (Career FS) |
| African Affairs | George E. Moose (Career FS) |
| African Affairs | Susan Rice (Other) |
| Consular Affairs | Mary A. Ryan (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | Philip C. Wilcox, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | Christopher W.S. Ross (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | Michael E. Sheehan (Other) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | John H.F. Shattuck (Other) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | Harold H. Koh (Other) |
| Diplomatic Security | Eric J. Boswell (Career FS) |
| Diplomatic Security | David G. Carpenter (Other) |
| Director General | Anthony C.E. Quainton (Career FS) |
| Director General | Edward W. Gnehm, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Director General | Marc I. Grossman (Career FS) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Winston Lord (Other) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Stantley O. Roth (Other) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Daniel K. Tarullo (Other) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Alan P. Larson (Career FS) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Earl Anthony Wayne (Career FS) |
| Education and Cultural Affairs | William B. Bader (Other) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Stephen A. Oxman (Other) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Richard Holbrooke (Other) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | John C. Kornblum (Career FS) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Marc. I Grossman (Career FS) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | James F. Dobbins (Career FS) |
| Intelligence and Research | Toby T. Gati (Other) |
| Intelligence and Research | Phyllis E. Oakley (Career FS) |
| Intelligence and Research | J. Stapleton Roy (Career FS) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | Robert S. Gelbard (Career FS) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | Rand Beers (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Douglas J. Bennet, Jr. (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Princeton N. Lyman (Career FS) |
| International Organization Affairs | C. David Welch (Career FS) |
| Legal Adviser | Conrad K. Harper (Other) |
| Legal Adviser | David Andrews (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | Wendy R. Sherman (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | Barbara M. Larkin (Other) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Robert H. Pelletreau, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Martin S. Indyk (Other) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Edward S. Walker, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | Elinor G. Constable (Career FS) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | Eileen B. Claussen (Other) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | David B. Sandalow (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Thomas E. McNamara (Career FS) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Eric D. Newsom (Other) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Phyllis E. Oakley (Career FS) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Julia V. Taft (Other) |
| Public Affairs | Thomas E. Donilon (Other) |
| Public Affairs | James P. Rubin (Other) |
| Public Affairs | Richard A. Boucher (Career FS) |
| South and Central Asian Affairs | Robin L. Raphel (Career FS) |
| South and Central Asian Affairs | Karl F. Inderfurth (Other) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Alexander F. Watson (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Jeffrey S. Davidow (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Peter F. Romero (Career FS) |
George H.W. Bush (1989-1993)
Career FS: 14 (50%) / Other: 14 (50%)
| Position | Appointee (Career FS or Other) |
|---|---|
| Administration | Arthur W. Fort (Other) |
| African Affairs | Herman J. Cohen (Career FS) |
| Consular Affairs | Elizabeth M. Tamposi (Other) |
| Counterterrorism | Morris D. Busby (Other) |
| Counterterrorism | Albert P. Burleigh (Career FS) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | Patricia D. Dennis (Other) |
| Diplomatic Security | Sheldon J. Krys (Career FS) |
| Diplomatic Security | Anthony C.E. Quainton (Career FS) |
| Director General | Edward J. Perkins (Career FS) |
| Director General | Genta Hawkins Holmes (Career FS) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Richard H. Solomon (Other) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | William Clark, Jr. (Career FS) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Raymond G.H. Seitz (Career FS) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Thomas M.T. Niles (Career FS) |
| Intelligence and Research | Douglas P. Mulholland (Other) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | Melvyn Levitsky (Career FS) |
| International Organization Affairs | John R. Bolton (Other) |
| Legal Adviser | Edwin D. Williamson (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | Janet G. Mullins (Other) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | John H. Kelly (Career FS) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Edward P. Djerejian (Career FS) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | E.U. Curtis Bohlen (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Richard A. Clarke (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Robert L. Gallucci (Other) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Princeton N. Lyman (Career FS) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Warren Zimmerman (Career FS) |
| Public Affairs | Margaret D. Tutwiler (Other) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Bernard W. Aronson (Other) |
Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)
Career FS: 23 (39%) / Other: 36 (61%)
| Position | Appointee (Career FS or Other) |
|---|---|
| Administration | Robert E. Lamb (Career FS) |
| Administration | Donald J. Bouchard (Career FS) |
| Administration | Sheldon J. Krys (Career FS) |
| African Affairs | Chester A. Crocker (Other) |
| Consular Affairs | Joan M. Clark (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | Robert M. Sayre (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | Robert B. Oakley (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | L. Paul Bremer III (Career FS) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | Elliott Abrams (Other) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | Richard Schifter (Other) |
| Diplomatic Security | Robert E. Lamb (Career FS) |
| Director General | Joan M. Clark (Career FS) |
| Director General | Alfred L. Atherton, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Director General | George S. Vest (Career FS) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | John H. Holdridge (Career FS) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Paul D. Wolfowitz (Other) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Gaston J. Sigur, Jr. (Other) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Robert D. Hormats (Other) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Richard T. McCormack (Other) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Douglas W. McGinn (Other) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Eugene J. McAllister (Other) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Lawrence S. Eagleburger (Career FS) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Richard R. Burt (Other) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | Rozanne L. Ridgway (Career FS) |
| Intelligence and Research | Hugh Montgomery (Other) |
| Intelligence and Research | Morton I. Abramowitz (Career FS) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | Dominic L. DiCarlo (Other) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | Jon R. Thomas (Other) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | Ann B. Wroblewski (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Elliott Abrams (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Gregory J. Newell (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Alan L. Keyes (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Richard S. Williamson (Other) |
| Legal Adviser | Davis R. Robinson (Other) |
| Legal Adviser | Abraham D. Sofaer (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | Richard Fairbanks (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | Powell A. Moore (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | William T. Bennett, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Legislative Affairs | William L. Ball III (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | J. Edward Fox (Other) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Nicholas A. Veliotes (Career FS) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Richard W. Murphy (Career FS) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | James L. Malone (Other) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | John D. Negroponte (Career FS) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | Frederick M. Bernthal (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Richard R. Burt (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Jonathan T. Howe (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | John T. Chain, Jr. (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Henry A. Holmes (Career FS) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Richard D. Vine (Career FS) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | James N. Purcell, Jr. (Other) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Jonathan Moore (Other) |
| Public Affairs | Dean E. Fischer (Other) |
| Public Affairs | R. John Hughes (Other) |
| Public Affairs | Bernard Kalb (Other) |
| Public Affairs | Charles E. Redman (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Thomas O. Enders (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Langhorne A. Motley (Other) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Elliott Abrams (Other) |
Jimmy Carter (1977-1981)
Career FS: 16 (48.5%) / Other: 17 (51.5%)
| Position | Appointee (Career FS or Other) |
|---|---|
| Administration | Thomas M. Tracy (Career FS) |
| African Affairs | Richard M. Moose (Other) |
| Consular Affairs | Barbara Mae Watson (Other) |
| Consular Affairs | Diego Cortes Asencio (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | Heyward Isham (Career FS) |
| Counterterrorism | Anthony C.E. Quainton (Career FS) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | Patricia M. Derian (Other) |
| Director General | Harry G. Barnes, Jr. (Career FS) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Richard Holbrooke (Other) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Deane R. Hinton (Career FS) |
| Educational and Cultural Affairs | Joseph D. Duffey (Other) |
| Educational and Cultural Affairs | Alice S. Ilchman (Other) |
| European and Eurasian Affairs | George S. Vest (Career FS) |
| Intelligence and Research | William G. Bowdler (Career FS) |
| Intelligence and Research | Ronald I. Spiers (Career FS) |
| International Narcotics and Law Enforcement | K. Mathea Falco (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Charles W. Mayes (Other) |
| International Organization Affairs | Richard L. McCall, Jr. (Other) |
| Legal Adviser | Herbert J. Hansell (Other) |
| Legal Adviser | Roberts B. Owen (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | Douglas J. Bennet, Jr. (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | John Brian Atwood (Other) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Patsy T. Mink (Other) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Thomas R. Pickering (Career FS) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Leslie H. Gelb (Other) |
| Political-Military Affairs | Reginald Bartholomew (Career FS) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | John A. Baker, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Population, Refugees and Migration | Frank E. Loy (Other) |
| Public Affairs | W. Hodding Carter III (Other) |
| Public Affairs | William J. Dyess (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Terence A. Todman (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Viron P. Vaky (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | William G. Bowdler (Career FS) |
Gerald Ford (1973-1977)
Career FS: 18 (78%) / Other: 5 (22%)
| Position | Appointee (Career FS or Other) |
|---|---|
| African Affairs | Donald B. Easum (Career FS) |
| African Affairs | Nathaniel Davis (Career FS) |
| African Affairs | William E. Schaufele, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Consular Affairs | Leonard F. Walentynowicz (Other) |
| Counterterrorism | Louis D. Heck (Career FS) |
| Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | James M. Wilson, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Director General | Caroline C. Laise (Career FS) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Philip C. Habib (Career FS) |
| East Asian and Pacific Affairs | Arthur W. Hummel, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Thomas O. Enders (Career FS) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Joseph A. Greenwald (Career FS) |
| Economic and Business Affairs | Julius L. Katz (Other) |
| Intelligence and Research | Harold H. Saunders (Career FS) |
| International Organization Affairs | Samuel W. Lewis (Career FS) |
| Legal Adviser | Monroe Leigh (Other) |
| Legislative Affairs | Robert J. McCloskey (Career FS) |
| Near Eastern Affairs | Alfred L. Atherton, Jr. (Career FS) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | Dixy Lee Ray (Other) |
| Oceans, Environment and Science | Frederick Irving (Career FS) |
| Political-Military Affairs | George S. Vest (Career FS) |
| Public Affairs | John E. Reinhardt (Career FS) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | William R. Rogers (Other) |
| Western Hemisphere Affairs | Harry W. Shlaudeman (Career FS) |