The Foreign Service Journal, May 2005

T HE M AGAZINE F OR F OREIGN A FFAIRS P ROFESSIONALS Foreign Service Journal (ISSN 0146-3543), 2101 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-2990 is published monthly with a combined July/August issue by the American Foreign Service Association, a private, non-profit organization. Material appearing herein represents the opinions of the writers and does not necessarily represent the views of the Journal, the Editorial Board or AFSA. Writer queries and submissions are invited, preferably by e-mail. Journal subscription: AFSAMembers - $13 included in annual dues; others - $40. For foreign surface mail, add $18 per year; foreign airmail, $36 per year. Periodical postage paid at Washington, D.C., and at additional mail- ing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to Foreign Service Journal , 2101 E Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-2990. Indexed by Public Affairs Information Service (PAIS). The Journal is not responsible for unsolicited manuscripts, photos or illustrations. Advertising inquiries are invited. The appearance of advertisements herein does not imply the endorsement of the services or goods offered. FAX: (202) 338-8244 or (202) 338-6820. E-MAIL: journal@afsa.org. W EB: www.afsa.org. TE LEPHONE: (202) 338-4045. © American Foreign Service Association, 2005. Printed in the U.S.A. Send address changes to AFSA Membership, 2101 E Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-2990. Printed on 50-percent recycled paper, of which 10 percent is post-consumer waste. J O U R N A L OREIGN ERVICE S F Editor S TEVEN A LAN H ONLEY Senior Editor S USAN B. M AITRA Associate Editor S HAWN D ORMAN Ad & Circulation Manager E D M ILTENBERGER Business Manager M IKKELA V. T HOMPSON Art Director C ARYN S UKO S MITH Advertising Intern M ARIA -A NGELICA A GUAYO Editorial Board H OLLIS S UMMERS , C HAIRMAN K ENT C. B ROKENSHIRE S TEPHEN W. B UCK P ATI C HAPLIN C AROL A. G IACOMO W ILLIAM W. J ORDAN L AURIE K ASSMAN K AY W EBB M AYFIELD V IRGINIA F. S MITH C HRISTOPHER L. T EAL T ED W ILKINSON F O C U S O N C H I N A 18 / C HINA ’ S E CONOMIC G ROWTH : S OURCE OF D ISORDER ? Beijing’s rapid rise has raised concerns about the ramifications for the region and the rest of the world. By Robert Wang 24 / C ONGRESSIONAL P RESSURES AND U.S.-C HINA P OLICY As the Bush administration seeks to manage Sino-American relations, it would be wise to keep in mind congressional sensitivities. By Robert Sutter 30 / C HINA ’ S N EW D IPLOMACY IN A SIA A proactive PRC is transforming international relations throughout Asia. Here is a look at the four pillars of Beijing’s new regional posture. By David Shambaugh 39 / D EEPENING S INO -A MERICAN T IES AT THE G RASS R OOTS Improvements in China’s human rights record will not come overnight from the top down, but will develop gradually through social activism. By Carol Lee Hamrin 47 / Z HAO Z IYANG : B URIED BUT N OT D EAD The Chinese leader’s remains were interred on Jan. 29, but a recent book points to the unfinished historical reckoning of Tiananmen Square. By Joseph Fewsmith 54 / H ONG K ONG ’ S S EVEN -Y EAR I TCH Economic malaise, outbreaks of disease and mass protests have marked Hong Kong’s first years as part of the PRC. By Heda Bayron C ONTENTS Ma y 2 0 0 5 ■ Vo l ume 8 2 , No . 5 T HE “O NE C HINA ” P OLICY : T ERMS OF A RT / 58 Playing with words has been an essential element in maintaining the uneasy peace between Beijing and Taipei. By Stanton Jue F E A T U R E S H UGO C HAVEZ : A N EW C ASTRO ? / 64 The Venezuelan president’s authoritarian tendencies represent a growing concern to the Bush administration, which is speaking out more about the threat he poses to the hemisphere. By George Gedda D EPLETED U RANIUM M UNITIONS : A N EW WMD / 70 The United States should lead the international community to responsible global control of depleted uranium munitions. By Francis Xavier Cunningham Cover and inside illustrations by Jeff Moores C O L U M N S P RESIDENT ’ S V IEWS / 5 The Essentials Do Not Change By John Limbert S PEAKING O UT / 15 Making a Tragic Mistake in Indonesia By Edmund McWilliams R EFLECTIONS / 84 By James B. Angell D E P A R T M E N T S L ETTERS / 7 C YBERNOTES / 12 M ARKETPLACE / 14 B OOKS / 75 I NDEX T O A DVERTISERS / 82 AFSA N EWS / C ENTER I NSERT M A Y 2 0 0 5 / F O R E I G N S E R V I C E J O U R N A L 3