The Foreign Service Journal, September 2005

gy for the manhandling before moving on to visit Darfur. Amonth before Rice’s trip, in a June 22 House Committee on Inter- national Relations hearing, “Sudan: Consolidating Peace While Confront- ing Genocide,” Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick confirmed that the U.S. continues to classify the crisis in Darfur as genocide and continues to be interested in helping to promote peace in Sudan. He insisted that the African Union plays the most vital role, and pressed it to get a sufficient num- ber of troops into the area as soon as possible. But, says Zoellick, it is the internal responsibility of Sudan to con- trol the crisis ( http://wwwc.house. gov/international_relations/109/ zoe062205.pdf ). The A.U. deployed its second installment of troops on July 1, intend- ing to increase the protection of civil- ians and main roads and to establish a safe environment for the return of refugees ( http://humanrightswatch. org/english/docs/2005/07/01/dar fur11261.htm ). I t aims to increase the number of troops to 7,700 by the end of September. Plans to boost the number of troops to 12,300 after September — a number that Deputy Secretary Zoellick deems sufficient — are in the works. But, as Robert I. Rotberg points out in an interview with the Foreign Policy Association, the A.U.’s mandate is to observe, not to intervene ( http://www.fpa.org/top ics_info2414/topics_info_show.htm ?doc_id=288572 ). Meanwhile, in the past 29 months of fighting in Darfur up to 300,000 people have died and more than two million have been rendered homeless. The International Criminal Court opened an investigation on June 1 ( http://www.icc-cpi.int/library cases/LMO_UNSC_On_DARFUR- EN.pdf ). But the Sudanese govern- ment has resisted the court’s efforts and refuses to hand over suspects, say- ing that they will prosecute the perpe- trators in their own domestic court. Whether the Bush administration’s effort to bring Khartoum around on Darfur without undermining a united Sudan’s participation in the war on ter- rorismwill succeed remains to be seen. Some analysts note that the strongest pressure tool the U.S. has, namely a blockade of the flow of oil out of Port Sudan, is still under wraps. But as the U.S. administration attempts to increase pressure on Sudan with a deft application of carrots and sticks, there is some indication that the American public would like to see a more forceful intervention. In a May 2005 poll, the International Crisis Group found public backing for the United States to play a leadership role in ending this catastrophe ( http://www.crisisgroup.org/ home/index.cfm?id=3486&l=1 ). S E P T E M B E R 2 0 0 5 / F O R E I G N S E R V I C E J O U R N A L 17 C YBERNOTES T o win the war against terrorism, the United States must assign U.S. economic and diplomatic capabilities the same strategic priority that we assign to military capabilities. There are no shortcuts to victory. We must commit ourselves to the painstaking work of foreign policy day by day and year by year. We must commit ourselves to a sustained program of repairing and building alliances, expanding trade, pursuing resolutions to regional conflicts, fostering and supporting democracy and development worldwide, and controlling weapons of mass destruction. — Sen. Richard G. Lugar, R-Ind., from his remarks on receiving the Lifetime Contributions to American Diplomacy Award from AFSA, http://lugar.senate.gov/pressapp/record.cfm?id=239076, Ju ne 17, 2005. 50 Years Ago... However ill-designed the security system … men will find satisfaction in the appreciation of their colleagues for work that goes unnoted or unappreciated at home; there will be time when men will be privileged to stand by each other in danger and adversity and thus to taste one of the richest forms of human experience. — George Kennan, from “The Future of Our Professional Diplomacy,” FSJ , September 1955.