The Foreign Service Journal, September 2011

crime, cyberterrorism and cybervan- dalism. Our increasingly heated “bat- tle of metaphors” could end up driving cyber policy in uncomfortable ways, he warns, potentially leading to increased militarization of the Internet. When asked about allegations that Beijing had instigated cyberattacks against U.S. interests in June, he posted the following comment on his blog ( www.schneier.com ): “When I first read the story, I decided it was not worth blogging about. Why is this news?” — Asa Maclay Horner, Editorial Intern An Unwelcome “TIP” On June 27 Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton released the department’s 2011 Trafficking in Per- sons Report ( www.state.gov/g/tip/rls/ tiprpt/2011/ ). Th is annual report as- sesses the efforts of governments worldwide to combat the practice of human trafficking at every stage: in vic- tims’ countries of origin, along their routes traveled and in their ultimate destinations. Countries are ranked according to their degree of compliance with the minimum standards of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act or their efforts to meet those standards. The 32 coun- tries afforded a Tier 1 ranking, includ- ing the United States, are in full compliance, while the 86 nations in Tier 2 are seen as making significant strides toward compliance. There is also a separate Tier 2 Watch List cov- ering an additional 40 countries that ei- ther failed to document their efforts to comply with the act or have especially severe trafficking problems. Placement in Tier 3 means a foreign government is neither in compliance with the TVPA nor making any efforts to move in that direction. Such a find- ing can result in U.S. sanctions or the loss of foreign aid, though the presi- dent can waive such penalties. The ma- jority of these 23 most egregious offenders are located in Africa and the Middle East (a map is available at edition.cnn.com/intertive/2011/06/ world/table.trafficking.report/ ). The report has attracted significant criticism from a number of sources. Pardis Mahdavi, a professor at Pomona College and a former WoodrowWilson Center fellow, laments in an online comment that “once again the [2011 TIP] rankings seem to align more closely with U.S. foreign policy consid- erations than actual trafficking prob- lems” ( www.huffingtonpost.com ). Mahdavi commends the report for stressing that human trafficking is an issue of forced migration and labor that extends far beyond the typically high- lighted sex industry. She points out that the narratives for Tier 3 countries in the Muslim world are infused with descriptions of the sexually exploitative aspects of human trafficking, while other serious violators, such as the 14 F O R E I G N S E R V I C E J O U R N A L / S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1 C Y B E R N O T E S 50 Years Ago... G uerrilla warfare may be a politico-military endeavor not just in its ends, like all warfare, but also in its means. Yet until recently it was generally neglected by political and military officers alike. If the political officer recognized his responsibility to understand the uses of all means of political persuasion, of which force is one, his attention was more likely to be captured by long-range missiles and nuclear weapons. The regular military found it difficult to regard guerrilla warfare as an impor- tant military subject: if they saw it as primarily military, they did not take it seri- ously; if they took it seriously, they did not regard it as primarily military. Such attitudes are readily understandable in the members of a profession generally considered as apolitical and drawn from a society characterized by a high degree of specialization, faced by a form of warfare in which only basic units fight for small objectives, perhaps under a system of command, divided between political and military officers, which repels them. — Edward E. Rice, “Generals, Guerrillas and Diplomats,” FSJ , September 1961. CHANGE OF ADDRESS Moving? Take AFSA With You! Change your address online at: www.afsa.org/comment.cfm To log in, use your AFSA membership number on the mailing label of your Foreign Service Journal . The number is on the top left corner of the label, right above your name. It may be 2 digits or up to 7 digits. The password is your last name. It is not case sensitive. Or send change of address to: AFSA Membership Department 2101 E Street NW Washington, DC 20037